early stages because it may cause few or no symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they can include:
- Persistent fatigue or weakness
- Swelling in the ankles, feet, legs, or around the eyes
- Changes in urination
- Persistent foamy urine
- Loss of appetite or nausea
- High blood pressure
- Difficulty concentrating
- Shortness of breath, particularly in more advanced disease
These symptoms are not specific to kidney disease, so they should not be used for self-diagnosis.
How Is Kidney Health Evaluated?
A person’s kidney health cannot be reliably determined simply by looking at their hands
